Request:

1) Please be prepared to consider the optical aberrations and tolerancing of several 1:1 AO relays that pass unvignetted field of view in the 3-5 arcmin range, including:

• OAP
• Offner
• Ellipsoidal

We will wish to consider single and dual DM configurations with notional conjugate heights of 0km and 8km above the Keck telescope. We are interested in feeding both contiguously sampled narrow fields, and sparsely sampled deployable IFU fields of view that may enjoy an independent 1-4 micron stroke MEMS-DM for aberration correction, per IFU channel.

2) Please be prepared to provide advice on the control of non-common-path LGS aberrations for NGAO wavefront sensors, understanding the approach taken in the current Keck AO system and that adopted by Gemini MCAO. Although we expect WFS design to not occur until the NGAO design phase, a good understanding of the requirements, scope, and system trades necessary to reduce complexity and cost would be helpful.

3) Please be prepared to specifically comment on the aberrations induced in the Keck telescope beam (incl. field aberrations) if we were to push the Nasmyth focus down (that is, away from M3) to create greater back focal distance from the elevation ring.

Resources:

An initial .zmx file of the Keck Telescope is attached, along with earlier models created by C. Neyman (OAP) and Eric Prieto (Offner). Please be prepared to iteratively exercise these models to provide feedback to the point design effort.

Request:

1) Please be prepared to discuss tip/tilt limitations to sky coverage fraction (in terms of XX% sky coverage available with YY milliarcseconds of tip/tilt anisoplantism error. Please be prepared to comment on the merits of the following concepts:

* Visible light Shack-Hartmann and pyramid WFS (2x2 and 3x3 subaperture)

• Infrared light Shack-Hartmann and pyramid WFS (2x2 and 3x3 subaperture) * Combinations of 2 visible, 2 IR, or 1 visible + 1 IR WFS * Fundamental limits of using all available stars' light (at visible and IR wavelengths)

2) Please be prepared to comment on the effect of centroid anisoplantism due to aliasing of coma aberrations into low-order (e.g. tip/tilt measurements).

Resources:

Attached is a new report from Richard Clare (future CARA postdoc) on the comparison of J, H, and K-band for WFS'ing with TMT's NFIRAOS system. Please understand the assumptions, calculations, and differences between that case and Keck NGAO.

Request:

1) Please be prepared to iteratively consider residual wavefront error due to imperfect tomographic wavefront sensing (possibly combined with fitting error) for NGAO asterisms supporting

• Minimum on-axis WFE, with a req'ment of 70nm rms and goal of 45nm rms
• Areally averaged WFE spanning FoV in the range of 3' - 5'

Make no a priori assumptions regarding physical WFS packaging constraints, but be prepared to comment on the degradation of WFS'ing performance for perturbations to notional asterism geometries.

1) Please be prepared to comment on the focus-tracking requirements for a low-order tip/tilt/focus WFS. Using current knowledge of the variability in sodium layer height, consider the focus update rate that the LOWFS must provide.

Resources:

Attached is a technical report generated by the TMT NFIRAOS team. Please understand the assumptions, calculations, and differences between that case and Keck NGAO.

-- RichardDekany - 07 Apr 2006

Be prepared to discuss the current state of the art for low noise CCD detectors and the outlook for future performance improvements in this area. Be prepared to discuss the status of radial geometry CCD detectors.

Please be able to support the costing of NGAO with tools that are used for other new instrument proposals at Keck. Be prepared to support risk assessment for various NGAO designs.

Be able to support the NGAO retreat with interface documentation for new instruments at Keck. This would include such areas as mechanical interfaces and clearances for Keck Nasmyth platform. Estimated weight limits for Nasmyth platform. Vibrations guidelines for new AO instruments with current AO system. Thermal guidelines for new AO instruments with current AO system

Resources:

ICD for Keck OSIRIS

Please be able to supply the team with paper copies of the left Nasmyth platform. In particular we are concerned about the space envelope near the nominal Nasmyth focus (area around elevation ring and cable wrap). One or two clear views of the space constraints should be sufficient.

Be prepared to provide basic information about the maximum load on the platform, maximum height of a vertically mounted instrument (I understand that segment crane access could be an issue) and basic information on services available at Nasmyth such as glycol, dry nitrogen, gantry cranes, etc.

Request:

Please be able to comment on laser transport options for NGAO. Please document information on the state of art of optical fibers for laser transport, in particular we will need values for transmission loss, coupling loss, and maximum power that a fiber can support.

Please be able to discuss plans for KECK I laser upgrade specifically the laser launch telescope and surrounding laser diagnostics package. We also need basic mechanical interface information about Keck secondary including weight and space constraints.

Please be able to discuss current laser trouble shooting system at Keck, current laser safety system.

Request:

Please review reconstruction algorithms for NGAO and be prepared to comment on the following points. Is it possible to recast sparse matrix algorithms used in current NGAO simulations as a single matrix vector multiply? For NGAO we are considering both the minimum variance estimator (MVE) and the pseudo open loop controller (PLOC). If possible determine operation count for these reconstructors.

Resources:

See attached POLC LGS RTC block diagram from Brent Ellerbroek

Request:

Please document trade studies for key NGAO components using simulations, update the current NGAO narrow field (KPAO) error budget. Document simulation of multi object AO systems (MOAO) tomography and fitting errors. Document AO sky coverage estimates for NGAO with probable detector technologies, star models and level of assumed AO correction fall off with field of view.

Please be able to estimate the impact on laser traffic control on NAGO laser systems. Please comment on US space command clearance for laser propagation and typical time lost with the current Keck II laser. Documents current observing sequence with single LGS, AO and instrument. (Is KAON 378 up to date?) The current AO architecture could involve as many as 13 LGS over a 5 arc minute field with (worst case) with 5 laser over a 2 arc minute being more probable.

Resources:

See attached LGS-AO acquisition procedure: KAON 378

Request:

Please meet with the Next Generation Keck AO science case subcommittee chairs before the point design retreat. Use these meetings and the information from the CfAO workshop to complete the science requirements matrix (Spreadsheet). Be prepared to discus how the implication of these requirements for the new instruments and AO architectures.

Resources:

Science Requirements Spreadsheet: (http://www.keck.hawaii.edu/realpublic/optics/ScienceCase/TechSciInstrmnts/ScienceCaseReqmnts033106.xls) Science Instrument Options : (http://www.keck.hawaii.edu/realpublic/optics/ScienceCase/Science_Instrument_Options.xls) NGAO Architecture Options: (http://www.keck.hawaii.edu/realpublic/optics/ScienceCase/NGAO%20architecture%20options%20v0_8.pdf)